321 Although “the fate of the Confederacy”: Ibid.

321 “if he was not going to give battle”: Ibid.

321 McClellan was advancing “cautiously”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 58.

321 He still believed: Sears, George B. McClellan, 189.

323 “If Lee was the Jove of the war”: Walter Herron Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 1861–1865 (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994), 46.

323 On May 30: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 66.

323 At the junction: Ibid., 68.

323 “witnessed the advance”: Reagan, Memoirs, 141.

324 “I protested”: Ibid.

324 Johnston had replied: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 72.

324 Shortly after this news: Reagan, Memoirs, 141.

325 For the moment: Colonel Vincent J. Esposito, The West Point Atlas of the American Wars, 1689–1900 (New York: Praeger, 1959), Vol. 1, text accompanying map 43.

325 “as much mud”: Charles Dickens, Bleak House, in The Works of Charles Dickens (New York: Scribner, 1899), Vol. XVI, 1.

325 Davis and Lee rode back: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 74.

325 In the judgment of J. F. C. Fuller: Fuller, Grant and Lee, 156.

328 bayonets were responsible for less: Wikipedia, “Bayonet.”

328 “in a state of utter exhaustion”: Sears, George B. McClellan, 196.

328 “his communications and the immense park”: Le Comte de Paris, History of the Civil War in America, Vol. 2, 69.

328 he left things as they were: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 77.

329 “feeble and accomplished nothing”: Esposito, The West Point Atlas of the American Wars, 1689–1900, Vol. 1, text accompanying map 43.

329 “After much reflection I think”: Robert E. Lee, Lee’s Dispatches: Unpublished Letters of Robert E. Lee (New York: Putnam, 1915), 5.

332 “conducted with your usual skill”: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XII, Part 3 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1885), 908.

333 “Leave your enfeebled troops”: Ibid., 910.

334 “In moving your troops”: Ibid., 913.

334 He put J. E. B. Stuart: Ibid., 916.

335 McClellan’s left was anchored: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 96.

335 Stuart set off: Jeffrey D. Wert, Cavalryman of the Lost Cause: A Biography of J. E. B. Stuart (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008), 103.

335 “a tasseled yellow sash”: Ibid., 94.

337 “That will depend on the time”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 102.

339 “Honest A has again fallen”: Sears, George B. McClellan, 200–1.

339 “I will then have them”: Ibid., 201, 204.

339 Jackson spent that day: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 460–61.

339 He wore no badges: Ibid., 461.

339 In the mid-afternoon: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 107.

340 Hill shepherded: Ibid., 109.

340 Jackson was thirty-eight: Ibid.

340 Like Lee, Longstreet: Ibid.

341 When asked when his army: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 466.

343 He ordered General Samuel P. Heintzelman: Sears, George B. McClellan, 204.

344 “If there is one man”: Emory Thomas, Robert E. Lee (New York: Norton, 1995), 226.

344 Though Lee could not have: Sears, George B. McClellan, 205.

345 “Stonewall is coming up”: C. Vann Woodward, ed., Mary Chesnut’s Civil War, 395.

345 Had McClellan chosen: Sears, George B. McClellan, 205–6.

346 He had willed himself: Coulling, The Lee Girls, 104.

348 “The four divisions”: The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. XI, Part 2 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1884), 499.

348 “In your march”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 469.

348 In the days when roads: Taylor, General Lee: His Campaigns in Virginia, 66.

349 Even the faithful Walter Taylor: Ibid., 65.

349 “The Confederate commanders”: Richard Taylor, Destruction and Reconstruction: Personal Experiences of the Late War, Richard B. Harwell, ed. (New York: Longmans Green, 1955), 107–8.

349 Jackson had given himself: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 476.

349 On June 24: Ibid., 467.

350 His assistant adjutant general: Ibid., 360.

350 Dabney had no military experience: Ibid., 467.

351 It may have been that: Ibid., 469.

351 “underway” by 2:30 a.m.: Ibid., 470.

353 Stuart and his cavalry: Ibid., 471.

353 Jackson had accepted: Ibid., 470.

355 As Jackson understood his orders: Douglas Southall Freeman, Lee’s Lieutenants: A Study in Command (New York: Scribner, 1942), Vol. 1, 513.

355 From here, he could see: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 125.

356 If Lee felt any anxiety: Ibid., 127.

356 Even before then Lee: Ibid., 129.

357 It was after 5 p.m.: Ibid., 130.

357 “It is not my army”: Ibid., 132.

357 He dictated an order: Ibid.

358 Instead, McClellan: Sears, George B. McClellan, 209.

359 “to think we are invincible”: Ibid., 208–10.

360 Porter was too busy: Ibid., 210.

361 “the seedy appearance”: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 476.

362 “This position, three miles”: Taylor, Destruction and Reconstruction, 87.

362 Lee’s plan was that Jackson: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 142.

363 It was 11 a.m.: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 476.

363 “‘Gentlemen,’ Lee said to his staff”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 144.

363 At 2:30 p.m. A.P. Hill attacked: Ibid., 146.

364 He had deployed his men: Ibid., 148.

364 The Confederate soldiers from A. P. Hill’s division: Ibid., 146–47.

365 A Union war correspondent: Charles A. Page, Letters of a War Correspondent, James R. Gilmore, ed. (Boston: L. C. Page, 1899), 5–6.

365 “brutally repulsed”: Freeman, Robert E. Lee.

365 The Timberlake family’s farm: Robertson, Stonewall Jackson, 477.

367 Jackson ordered the twenty-six-year-old: Ibid., 476.

367 Private Timberlake began to explain: Freeman, Lee’s Lieutenants, Vol. 1, 524.

368 Though Private Timberlake could not have known it: Robert Lewis Dabney, Life and Campaigns of Lieut. General Thomas J. Jackson (New York: Blelock, 1866), 443.

369 “No, let us trust”: Ibid., 444.

369 The Federals were not retreating: Freeman, Robert E. Lee, Vol. 2, 149.

370 There was no